Engineering Material and Their Properties:
The knowledge of materials and their properties is of great significance for a design engineer.
A Design engineer must be familiar with the effects which the manufacturing processes and heat treatment have on the properties of the materials .
Classification of Engineering Materials :
1. Metals and their alloys
2. Non - metals
Metals may be further classified as -
(a) ferrous metals
(b) non -ferrous metals
Ferrous metals are those which have the iron as their main constituent .
Example : cost iron , wrought iron , steel etc.
Non - ferrous metals are those which have a metal other than iron as their main constituent.
Example : Copper, Aluminium , Broad , Zinc etc.
Selection of Materials for Engineering Purpose :
The selection of a proper material , for engineering purposes , is one of the most difficult problem for the designer .
The following factors should be considered while selecting the material -
1. Availability of the materials
2. Suitablility of the materials for the working conditions in service .
3. The cost of the materials .
A filament of bulb needs a material like tungsten which can withstand high temperature without understanding deformation.
Physical Properties of Materials :
Luster , Colour, Size , Shape , Density , Electric and thermal conductivity , melting point .
Mechanical Properties of Matels :
1. Strength
2. Stiffness
3. Elasticity
4. Plasticity
5. Ductility
6. Brittleness
7. Malleability
8. Toughtness
9. Machinability
10. Resilience
11. Creep
12. Fatigue
13. Hardness .
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